一般进行时和一般现在时的区别练习

一般现在时
一般现在时的形式
是以动词的原形表示的，当主语为第三人称单数时，做谓语的动词原形后要加上词尾-s or –es, 其构成方式列表如下： 情况 构成 例词 一般情况 词尾加-s Reads, writes 以ch, sh, s, x, o结尾的词 词尾加-es Teaches, washes, guesses, fixes, goes 以辅音字母+Y 结尾的词 变Y为I，再加-es Tries, carries 但是，动词to be 和to have 的一般现在时的形式特殊如下： 一般动词的词形变化 To be 的词形变化 To have 的词形变化 I know it I am a student I have a pen. You know it. You are a student You have a pen He (she) knows it. He (she) is a student. He (she)has a pen. We (you, they) know it. We (you, they) are students. We (you, they) have pens. 一般现在时用法： 1） 表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的副词连用。常用的频度副词有： always、often、 usually、seldom、never。频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前，系动词、助动词之后。 例如: He often goes swimming in summer.他夏天经常游泳。 I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。 2）表示现在的状态。 例如：My father is at work. He is very busy. 我父亲在工作，他很忙。 The boy is twelve. 这男孩十二岁。 3）表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。 例如：All my family love football .我全家人都喜欢足球。 My sister is always ready to help others . 我妹妹总是乐于助人。 Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。 4)表示客观真理，客观存在，自然现象。 例如：The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。 5）表示按计划或安排好的，或将要发生的动作，可用一般现在时表将来。但只限于start, begin, leave, go, come, arrive, return, take place等。 例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。 He comes back tonight. 他今晚回来。 6）在复合句中，当主句是一般将来时，时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。 例如： I'll tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。 If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 如果你接受这份工作，他们将和你谈谈细节。

现在进行时
现在进行时是由助动词to be 的现在时 + 现在分词构成： 肯定式 否定式 疑问式 I am working. You are working. He (she) is working. We (you, they) are working. I am not working. You are not working. He (she) is not working. We (you, they) are not working. Am I working? Are you working? Is he (she) working? Are we (you, they) working? 现在分词的构成，是在动词原形上加—ing, 但是应该注意： 情况 变化 例词 动词以单个e 结尾 去掉e, 加 ing Love _loving Argue _ arguing 动词以 —ee结尾 直接加 ing Agree_ agreeing See _ seeing 动词为单音节：以单一元音字母 + 单一辅音字母结尾 辅音字母双写，再加 ing Hit _ hitting Run _running Stop _ stopping 动词为双音节或者多音节：最后一个音节为重读音节，以单一元音字母 + 单一辅音字母结尾 辅音字母双写，再加 ing Begin beginning Admit admitting 以 y 结尾的动词 直接加 ing Carry carrying Enjoy enjoying 现在进行时的用法 1） 表示说话时正在发生或者进行的动作 Please don’t make so much noise, I’m studying. Let’s get out. It isn’t raining any more. 2) 表示在现在相对较长一段时间内正在进行的动作，但是说话一刻不一定在做的动作 Have you heard about Tom? He is building his own house. David is teaching English and learning Chinese in Beijing. 这些动作，在说话时并不一定在发生或进行，而是在包括说话的一刹那在内的一段时间内发生、进行的。 3）表示最近的确定的安排 Ann is coming tomorrow. Oh, is she? What time is she arriving? At 10:15. Are you meeting her at the station? I can’t. I’m working tomorrow morning. 以上句子也可以用be going to (do) 的形式来表示。但是谈论已确定的安排时候，用现在进行时态显得更加自然，除非受到动词的功能的限制。在此，切不可用will, 如： Alex is getting married next month. 不能用 will get married. 4) 和always 连用表示某种情绪，可能是厌烦也可能是赞扬，如： Tom is always going away for weekends. My husband is always doing homework. 有些动词是表示一种状态而不是动作，一般不用于进行时。例如，我们一般不说 I am knowing, 而说 I know. 常见的这类动词有： want like hate know see hear believe understand seem think(相信) suppose remember need love realize mean forget prefer have （拥有）belong To understand is to accept. 理解就是接受 Do you like Beijing? Do you see the rainbow? I remember him very well. I think I understand what he wants.