(2012?丰台区二模)如图所示,电源电压保持不变,滑动变阻器P最大阻值为R1=40Ω,小灯泡电阻始终保持不

2025-05-10 01:41:24
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:



(1)开关S1、S2均闭合且滑片P滑到b端,等效电路图甲所示,
I1′′=I1-I2,∵I1:I2=7:4,
∴I1′′:I2=3:4,

R1
RL
=
U
I1′′
U
I2
=
I2
I1′′
=
4
3

RL=
3
4
R1=
3
4
×40Ω=30Ω,
灯泡功率PL=
U
RL
,电压表示数
UV=
PLRL
=
4.8W×30Ω
=12V,
电源电压U=UV=12V,
答:电压表V的示数是12V.
(2)如图甲所示,I2=
U
RL
=
12V
30Ω
=0.4A,
∵I1:I2=7:4,∴I1=
7
4
I2=
7
4
×0.4A=0.7A,
开关S1、S2均断开且滑片P置于滑动变阻器中点,等效电路图如图乙所示,
∵I1′是I1
3
7
倍,∴电路电流I1′=
3
7
×0.7A=0.3A,
电路总电阻R=