P在b端时,则有:
U=
(R1+R2+R3)-----①3V R1
P在a端时,则有:
U=
(R1+R2)------②9V R1
因为U不变,所以:
R1+R2+R3=3(R1+R2),即R3=2(R1+R2)----③
P在中点时,则有:
U=0.45A×(R1+R2+
R3)----④1 2
③代入④式得:
U=0.45A×(R1+R2+R1+R2)=0.9A×(R1+R2)--⑤
因电源的电压不变,
所以由②⑤两式可得:
(R1+R2)=0.9A×(R1+R2),即9V R1
=0.9A,9V R1
解得:R1=10Ω;
R3=2(R1+R2)=2×(10Ω+20Ω)=60Ω;
U=
×(10Ω+20Ω)=27V.9V 10Ω
答:(1)电阻R1的阻值为10Ω;
(2)滑动变阻器R3的最大阻值为60Ω;
(3)电源电压为27V.